Friday / Weekend Open Lines


Two ordinary items found in many or most American households both trace their creation by New York City residents to this date in August. In 1865, the first liquid soap was patented by William Shepphard. His formula flowed from mixing a pound of regular soap with 100 pounds of ammonia solution, then dissolving it in water to the consistency of molasses. And in 1939, Julian Seth Kahn received a patent for an “apparatus for mixing a liquid with a gas” — a spray can for whipped cream. Of course, aerosols didn’t stop with whipped cream. Today in the U.S., soap and detergent manufacturing is a nearly $29 billion a year business, while metal can manufacturers make over $14 billion in annual sales. You can find more facts about America from the U.S. Census Bureau, online at www.census.gov.

Saturday, August 23rd. It’s still summer break for many kids, but already in progress is one of the nation’s largest seasonal events; one that exchanges leisure for classroom study. It’s back to school time. From nursery school to college, over 78 million students are headed to the classroom — that’s more than one-out-of-four of the total U.S. population age 3 and over. Of the nearly 9 million Americans ages 20 and 21 years old, over 51 percent are enrolled in college. For women, that figure nears 56 percent. Nursery school or kindergarten enrollment is about 8.8 million. There are nearly 33 million students in elementary schools and 17 million high school students. Some 190,000 high school students are over the age of 25. Profile America is in its 17th year as a public service of the U.S. Census Bureau.

Sunday, August 24th. One of America’s favorite snack foods is said to have originated on this date in 1853 near Saratoga Springs, New York. The chef at Moon’s Lake House, George Crum, was irritated at a customer who sent back his fried potatoes several times, saying they were too thick and soggy. Crum decided to slice potatoes wafer thin and stir-fry them. The customer was delighted, and so-called Saratoga chips became famous. The true origin of potato chips is unknown, but they are descended from french fries, which preparation Thomas Jefferson is reputed to have introduced in America. Snack food manufacturing, potato chips included, is a more than $24 billion a year business for 612 establishments in the U.S. You can find more facts about America from the U.S. Census Bureau, online at www.census.gov.