Friday / Weekend Open Lines


Friday, June 26th. Whoever bought a pack of chewing gum at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio on this date 41 years ago was making history. It was the first purchase of an item to be scanned into a cash register by using the Universal Product Code — better known as the bar code. Realizing the significance of the event, the buyer returned the item. The 10-pack of Wrigley’s Juicy Fruit is now on display at the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C., along with one of the early scanners. The price scanning concept actually dates from the early 1950s, employing a bull’s-eye type mark. But it proved cost prohibitive. Today, the bar code is part of everyday life for the $4.2 trillion worth of annual transactions in America’s nearly 1.1 million retail trade establishments, and the 14.7 million people who work in them. Profile America is in  its 19th  year as a public service of the U.S. Census Bureau.

Saturday, June 27th. Consumers’ options for managing their finances were greatly broadened this week in 1934 after President Roosevelt signed the Federal Credit Union Act the day before, promoting the nationwide formation of credit unions. These differ from banks by being member-owned and controlled. Credit unions are nonprofit institutions where groups of people can save, borrow, and obtain other financial services. There are nearly 19,000 credit unions in the U.S., employing about a quarter million people. These establishments range from a small cooperative for a single church or factory, to those that serve employees of giant corporations. By contrast, there are over 97,000 commercial banking establishments in America’s $3.6 trillion finance and insurance sector of the economy. You can find more facts about America from the U.S. Census Bureau online at <www.census.gov>.

Sunday, June 28th. America’s first commercial oil refinery was put in operation this month in 1860. It was built in Titusville, Pennsylvania, on the banks of Oil Creek. That town was the site of the country’s first productive oil well in 1859, and the refinery was focused on extracting kerosene from the crude oil. Any gasoline by-product was dumped into the creek. With today’s regulations and economy, that would be worse than a crime; it would be a blunder. There are 142 oil refineries operating in the U.S. today. Four of them are in Pennsylvania. Meanwhile, there are over 8,000 oil and gas extraction establishments across the country, with annual revenues of around a third of a trillion dollars. You can find current data on the country’s economy by downloading the ‘America’s Economy’ mobile application at <www.census.gov/mobile>.